Speed-governing mechanism.



1". mum-130w. SPEED GOVERNING MECHANiSM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7| 1914.

1,154 062, Patentedse tfm, 1915.

Wi n v Inventor; Frederick Samuelson,

' ED PATEN Fl lfi FREDERICK SAMUELSON, 0F RUGBY. ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TOGENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SPEED-GOVERNING MECHANISM.

Maroon.

Application filed March 7, 1914.

lie it known that l. Fumnnncn SAMUEL- sox. a ubject of the lling: ofSweden. residin; at hunhy, England, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Speed- (loverninn' Bl ta'hanism. of which the followinnis a specification.

This invention relates to governing mechanisms. for prime movers such aselastic lluid turbines. and more particularly to that class ol "overnin;mechanism which includes a, valve controlling a supplyot' fluid to theprime mover. a fluid motor for operating, said valve, and a pilot valvecontrolled by a speed responsive device for regulating the supply oifluid to the motor. With such gov rnin r mechanism. the speed of themachine controlled varies with the load; that is. it the load increasesthe speed will be reduced. and vice versa. ln order to make this classof governor suitable tor a prime mover which is required to run at thesame speed under a heavy load as it usually runs at under a light load,it is necessary to provide some suitable means for adjusting thecontrolling mechanism.

The object oi the present invention is to provide a mechanism forautomatically keepin; the speed constant. undo all load conditions andwhich. while sensitive, will e "ectually prevent any tendency on thepart of the governor to, over regulate or hunt.

The accompanying drawing illustrates one form which my invention maytalie.

In the drawing. 2 representsa pilot valve controlling the supply of oilor other fluid to a cvlim'ler 3 provided with a piston 4 which isconnected by means of a rod 5 to a,

valve (3 supplying: fluid to the prime mover.

This valve may be of any suitable or well l:nown type. a form ofbalanced valve being shown having an inlet 6 and an outlet 6". The pilotvalve is operated by a speed governor 7 through a governor lever 8 and alink 9 connecting it to a lever 10, to which also the stem 11 of thepilot valve and a continuation of the motor'piston rod are connected.lVith this mechanism. it the speed of the prime mover falls, owing to anincrease in load, the lever 8 will assume the position shown by thedotted line. This causes the right hand end of the lever 10 to rise tothe position also shown by the dotted line. thereby causing the pilotvalve 2 to open the upper port 2 and allow the oil, or

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 21,1915.

Serial No. 823,219.

other operating fluid, to enter by way of conduit 2 to the upper end ofthe cylinder 3 and forcethe piston l and 'alve stem 5 downward, therebyopening the valve 6 to a greater or a less extent. The oil or otheroperating fluid passes out from under piston 'l by way of port 2" andopening" 2. The" movement of the piston will also lowerthe left hand endof the lever 10 and'cause the pilot valve to again cover the portsleading to the cylinder 3, thereby preventing further operation of themotel-by bringing the piston l to rest. The connection to the piston rodthus constitutes a follow-up device which tends to prevent overtravcl ofthe motor and hunting. The speed of the machine will now be less thanformerly, according to the amount of additional load that is on it, Itwill be seen from the above description that the pivot point 12 of thelever 10 always occupies the same position, while the prime'n'iover isrun at any speed, irrespective of what that speed is. and irrespectiveof the load. this normal position being that shown in the drawing. wherethe pilot valve covers both the ports. It the valve were not in thisposition, fluid would be admitted to either one end or the otherof thecylinder 3 and the main valve (3 would be openinn or closing" so thatthe speed could not be steady.

I will now describe the feature of my invention by which I am enabled tomaintain a speed under all conditions of load and at the same timeefiectually prevent hunting of the governor.

It will be seen that a lever 13 is provided which is pivoted at one endto a fulcrum 13, which fulcrum may be either fixed or adjustable asdesired. The opposite end of this lever is pivoted to a sleeve or collar14 on the rod 5, which sleeve or collar is held yieldingly in positionbetween the abutments l5 and 16 by springs 17 and 18. At an intermediatepoint the lever 13 is connected to a sleeve 23 which carries the portsof the pilot valve and in connection with this lever suitable means areprovided, as for example, a dash pot, for retarding its movements. Thisconnecting and retarding means is shown as comprising a rod 19 carriedby the plunger 20 of adash pot 21,

which plunger iswconnected by rod 22 to the sliding slceve the rods 19and 22 pass-, ing through suitable paokings 24.: and 25,

. speed.

The dash pot may be provided with any preferred form of regulatingmeans, as for example, a by-pass 26 controlled by a valve 27. If new thespeed f,the prime mover falls, due to increase in load, the governorlever 8 will assume the position shown by the dotted line, as also willthe lever 10. This movement causes the pilot valve to admit fluid to theupper part of the motor 10 cylinder so 'as to force the piston down IWard and open the main valve. The pilot valve sleeve 23, however, willnot immediately followup the piston rod due to the retarding action ofthe dash pot, but as the main valve rod is forced down by the motorpiston the upper spring 17 is compressed. The pressure exerted by thespring on the I lever 13 will gradually move the pilot valve sleeveuntilthe levers 10 and 13 are parallel 20 and the two springs are intheir central position. When these two lovers are parallel and the pilotvalve ports are closed the gov 'ernor Weights can onlyoecupy theposition which corresponds to normal speed of the I prime mover.

mover should increase instead, of diminish If the speed of the prime theoperation of the parts described above would loo similar but in theopposite direction. By the above describedarrangement, it will beseenthatv a quick movement of the sleeve 23 taking place at the sametime and in connection with the movement of valve 6', which movementwould tend to permit overtravel and hunting, is avoided, and that Iobtain'aslow retarded movement which can be readily timed and regulatedso as to cause Just sufficient additional movement of valve 6, to bringthe machine t-o'the desired In accordance with the provisions of thepatent statutes, I have described the prinoiple of operation of myinvention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to representthe best embodiment thereof; but

I desire to have it understood that the appaprev ent overtravel of themotor, in combinal gla ses tion vvith a ported sleeve that surrounds thepilot valve and through whose ports fluid flows to the motor, meansmoving in response to load changes on the prime mover for adjusting theposition of the sleeve with respect to the pilot valve in a directiontending; to retard theshutting oil' of the fluid by the valve, and meansfor retarding the movement of such adjusting means 2. A g verningmechanism for prime movers comprising a fluid adi'nitting valve means, amotor for actuating it, a pilot valve controlling the motor, a governorfor the pilot valve, and a followup device, in combination with a portedsleeve that surrounds the pilot valve and through whose ports fluidflows to the motor, a lever yieldingly connected at one end to thepiston rod, a connection between said lever, and the ported sleeve, apivot for said lever, and m vans for retarding the movement of saidlever.

A governing mechanism for prime movers comprising a fluid admittingvalve means, a motor for actuating it, a pilot valve controlling themotor, a governor for the pilot val-ire, and a follow-up device, incomhination with a ported sleeve that surrounds th e'pilot valve andthrough whose ports fluid flows to the motor, a lever yieldinglyconnected at one end to the piston rod, a connection between said leverand the ported sleeve, a pivot for said lever, and a dash pot forretarding the movement ot said lover.

al. A. governing mechanism for prime movers comprising valve means foradmit ting motive fluid to the prime mover, a motor for actuating said-n1=ans having a piston and a piston rod, a pilot valve for the motor, aspeed governor, a floating lever, means connecting the lever to thegovernor, the pilot valve and the piston rod, a movable ported seat forthe pilot valve, a lever, a pivot or fulcrum for the lever, means foryieldingly connecting); the lever to the piston rod, means connecting);the lever to said seat, and means for retarding the iovements oi thelever.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this nineteenth day ofFebruary 1914:.

FREDERISK flalvlllltlit tl

